According to @simplykashif, Ethereum reached an all-time high peak throughput of 32,950 transactions per second (source: @simplykashif on X, Dec 3, 2025). According to @simplykashif, Lighters account for about 90% of daily Layer-2 TPS (source: @simplykashif on X, Dec 3, 2025). According to @simplykashif, despite this load, Lighters pay only around $685 per day in on-chain fees (source: @simplykashif on X, Dec 3, 2025). For traders, these metrics are relevant because Ethereum base fees are burned under EIP-1559 and validator income is tied to priority fees and MEV, so shifts in L2 execution versus L1 activity can influence gas burn and fee capture (source: Ethereum.org documentation on EIP-1559 and staking).